Author Archives: Kate Smith

Observations Regarding the Storyteller (Discussion Reflection 1)

Given that my group’s reading focused heavily on the people responsible for creating some of the first computing machines, such as Leibniz’s step reckoner or Babbage’s difference engine, and the actual logic behind how these machines work, I went into class assuming that that was going to be the main discussion topic. Hearing from the other groups about their readings encouraged me to begin to contemplate how the O’Regan reading was written to influence our more machine-centric views of it.

For example, I read about Lady Ada Lovelace in another book, The Innovators, by Walter Isaacson, and I recall reading a lot more about her personal life and the actual details surrounding her involvement with Babbage’s work. Because the book’s purpose was not so much to talk about the actual analytic engine, for example, it focused more on one of the humans involved in it, Ada Lovelace. However, in O’Regan’s work, while the humans behind the actual machines were discussed, they were done so in a secondary way. This fact is made even more evident by the way in which the section headings are divided. When I looked back at the titles of O’Regan’s sub-chapters, I noticed that the headings focused on the actual technology.  Thus, even when discussing the same topics or even people, there is going to be a difference depending on who is telling the story.

I randomly found myself contemplating how history will be told in the future, given the technological advancements that have occurred for us to provide a more globalized telling of history. I am assuming that all of the information that is being put online, for example, may have a longer-lasting shelf-life than, papyrus documents, for example, which we spoke of during the first week of class. Will this mean that history in the future will be focused on more perspectives in general?

O’Regan: Foundations of Computing (Chapter 3 )

This chapter summarizes the story of the origins of computing by focusing on several key historical figures including Leibniz, the creator of calculus and binary numbers, Charles Babbage, Lady Augusta Ada Lovelace, George Boole, and Claude Shannon.

Gottfried Leibniz was a German mathematician and philosopher. Using Pascal’s calculating machine as inspiration, Leibniz developed a more sophisticated device called the step reckoner which could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and the extraction of roots. Leibnitz also invented the binary system which used 1 and 0 to

Charles Babbage was an English inventor who created the difference engine which when given the solution to a polynomial, could then solve for the solutions to nearby values. Like Leibnitz, Babbage was interested in efficiently computing arithmetic statements and designed a machine that could compute trigonometric and logarithmic equations.

Lady Ada Lovelace, daughter of Lord Byron, a famous poet, contributed heavily to the computing world through both her writing and her visions for the capabilities of computing. Introduced to Charles Babbage at one of his many dinner parties in 1833, Lovelace saw the prototype for his difference engine, which inspired her future communication with Babbage. In describing possible applications for the analytic engine, which was never actually built by Babbage, Lovelace wrote out a program, thought to be the first computer program, for a calculation the engine could do. Furthermore, she foresaw the possible applications for the machine beyond calculation.

George Boole, an English mathematician, published many papers contributing mathematics, but his most notorious development was Boolean algebra. Although it was a theoretical approach to computing, his work is the foundation of modern computing. Using these theories, Claude Shannon, an American mathematician, discovered that Boolean logic is the perfect model for switching theory and the design of digital circuits which underlie all electronic digital computers.

Sean→  wrote the introductory paragraph and the paragraphs on Leibniz and Babbage

Kate→ wrote the paragraph on Lady Ada Lovelace

Luis→  wrote the paragraph on Boole and Shannon